On completion of this module, you will be able to:

• Define Transducer, Sensors and Actuators
• Understand need of transducer its types and their applications
• Understand different types of sensors
• Explain Temperature measurement

Transducer

• A transducer is a device which converts one form of energy into another form.
• Example: A microphone is a transducer that converts variations in air pressure (sound waves) into an electrical signal. It transforms acoustic energy into an electrical voltage that can be processed and amplified.


• Classification of transducers
1. Active and Passive
2. Analog and digital transducer
3. Transducer and inverse transducer
4. Primary and secondary transducer

Random Access Memory

• RAM is a read/write memory where the data can be read from or written into any of the memory locations regardless of the order in which they are arranged.
• Therefore, all the memory locations in a RAM can be accessed at the same speed.
• RAM is used to store data, program instructions and the results of any intermediate calculations during the execution of a program.
• RAM is available in the form of ICs as well as in the form of plug-in modules.
• The plug-in modules are small circuit boards containing memory ICs and having input and output lines connected to an edge connector.
• Depending upon the nature of the memory cell used, RAM are devided into two types of RAM, namely static RAM (SRAM) and dynamic RAM (DRAM).